A Dynamic Cascading Failure Model Integrating Relay Protection in Power Grid

Cascading failure in power grid is a key factor in large power blackouts. Through analyzing historical power blackouts, it is found that relay protection plays an important role in cascading failure propagation. However, existing cascading failure model cannot accurately reflect the relay protection action. In this paper, a model integrating relay protection for cascading failure based on AC power flow is proposed. In the model, relay protection systems including distance protection, pilot distance protection and cumulative overloading protection are described and integrated respectively. According to the proposed model, a simulation algorithm of cascading failure process is also developed. In the experiment, our model is compared with the DC power flow model and topological model. The experimental results show that the probability of demand loss in our model is significantly lower than the other two models, which is consistent with the dynamic behavior of entire power system in the actual power grid.