TY - GEN
T1 - A 49.5 μW Multichannel Time-to-Digital Converter with 2D/3D Imaging Fusion for APD LiDAR Sensors
AU - Yang, Ruipeng
AU - Zhang, Bing
AU - Xin, Youze
AU - Xie, Yiyun
AU - Li, Yaoxin
AU - Chen, Fuwei
AU - Wang, Zirui
AU - Geng, Li
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 IEEE.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - A 49.5μW multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) with 2D/3D imaging fusion for avalanche photodiode (APD) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor is proposed. The two-level TDC based on gated ring oscillator (GRO) effectively reduces the operating time of the oscillator and power consumption. When the echo signal is saturated, a larger signal will widen the output of transimpedance amplifier (TIA). Using TDC to quantify the pulse width, we can establish the relationship between the pulse width and the echo signal intensity after saturation. Therefore, the dynamic range of the 2D imaging is extended by look-up-table (LUT). In addition, the time of flight (ToF) with the walk-error compensation is obtained by the double threshold timing discriminator. A PLL is used to calibrate the frequency of the GRO in the TDC array for PVT variation. With a standard 55nm CMOS process, the TDC achieved 250ps resolution and 14 bits depth for ToF, 250ps resolution and 7 bits depth for the pulse width. The dynamic range of 2D imaging is extended from 44dB to 64dB by TDC. The power consumption of the proposed TDC is only 49.5μW@100kS/s, and the layout area is 4690μm2.
AB - A 49.5μW multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) with 2D/3D imaging fusion for avalanche photodiode (APD) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensor is proposed. The two-level TDC based on gated ring oscillator (GRO) effectively reduces the operating time of the oscillator and power consumption. When the echo signal is saturated, a larger signal will widen the output of transimpedance amplifier (TIA). Using TDC to quantify the pulse width, we can establish the relationship between the pulse width and the echo signal intensity after saturation. Therefore, the dynamic range of the 2D imaging is extended by look-up-table (LUT). In addition, the time of flight (ToF) with the walk-error compensation is obtained by the double threshold timing discriminator. A PLL is used to calibrate the frequency of the GRO in the TDC array for PVT variation. With a standard 55nm CMOS process, the TDC achieved 250ps resolution and 14 bits depth for ToF, 250ps resolution and 7 bits depth for the pulse width. The dynamic range of 2D imaging is extended from 44dB to 64dB by TDC. The power consumption of the proposed TDC is only 49.5μW@100kS/s, and the layout area is 4690μm2.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85143963053
U2 - 10.1109/ICSICT55466.2022.9963280
DO - 10.1109/ICSICT55466.2022.9963280
M3 - 会议稿件
AN - SCOPUS:85143963053
T3 - Proceedings of 2022 IEEE 16th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, ICSICT 2022
BT - Proceedings of 2022 IEEE 16th International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, ICSICT 2022
A2 - Ye, Fan
A2 - Tang, Ting-Ao
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 16th IEEE International Conference on Solid-State and Integrated Circuit Technology, ICSICT 2022
Y2 - 25 October 2022 through 28 October 2022
ER -