面向新型电力传感器的能量收集技术

Power sensors serve as critical infrastructure for the energy Internet, their continuous and stable power supply is a prerequisite for efficient operation. However, traditional power supply methods have many limitations. This paper summarizes energy harvesting technologies for new power sensors, including vibration energy harvesting, thermoelectric energy harvesting, photovoltaic energy harvesting and electromagnetic energy harvesting. These technologies utilize distributed renewable energy sources in the environment and provide power to sensors through different conversion mechanisms, potentially solving the power supply problems for them. The current application status of various energy harvesting technologies is described, and the key technical challenges confronted are analyzed, such as low energy conversion efficiency, stringent operating conditions and the need for device with improved reliability and integration. Finally, the innovative directions of future energy harvesting technologies are discussed, including the development of new high-performance materials, optimization of device structure design and hybrid energy harvesting techniques, aiming to achieve higher energy utilization efficiency to meet the actual needs of new power sensors and promote technological innovation in the areas such as smart grids.