锂电池性能与温度相关性的基础实验研究

To achieve a comprehensive understanding of the thermal effects on battery performance, the charging and discharging performances of Panasonic 18650 lithium battery were tested under constant temperature and approximate adiabatic conditions to simulate the battery operating conditions with and without thermal management strategies, respectively. The tested items include battery operating temperature, battery state and discharge rate. It was found that the charge capacity of the battery is always smaller than the previous discharge capacity regardless of thermal conditions, and when the operating temperature is below 20 ℃, the charge capacity decreases dramatically, e.g., it decays 12% within the charging temperature range from 20 ℃ to -10 ℃ in contrast to the previous discharge rate of 0.5C. High operating temperature could offset the battery discharging capacity loss due to the large discharge rate. The battery discharge capacity loses only 3.7% when it discharges at the rate of 2C at 40 ℃. The study shows that the battery discharging performance decreases gradually when the operating temperature rises up to 30 ℃ and that the battery discharge capacity decreases rapidly with the temperature drop. When the operating temperature is -10 ℃, the 2C discharge capacity fade can be as much as 50%. It is expected that the above results could provide a support for the design of an efficient, reliable and reasonable battery thermal management system.