铁自噬相关基因 ELAVL1 在多发性骨髓瘤中的表达及临床意义

Objective To investigate the expression of ferritinophagy-related gene ELAV-like RNA binding protein 1 (ELAVL1) in multiple myeloma (MM) and elucidate its diagnostic and prognostic value for MM. Methods First, we analyzed ELAVL1 expression level in healthy controls and MM patients using data from the GEO and TCGA databases. Subsequently, bone marrow specimens were collected from 28 newly diagnosed MM patients and 20 healthy controls, and qRT-PCR was employed to validate ELAVL1 expression. The diagnostic and prognostic potential of ELAVL1 was assessed using ROC curve analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Additionally, univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for MM prognosis. Finally, KEGG and GO enrichment analyses were performed using the DAVID online platform. Results The level of ELAVL1 expression was significantly higher in newly diagnosed MM patients and refractory/relapsed MM patients than in the healthy controls (P<0.001). Moreover, ELAVL1 expression was positively correlated with the International Staging System (ISS) stage of MM (P<0.01). Furthermore, qRT-PCR validation confirmed that ELAVL1 expression was elevated in the 28 newly diagnosed MM patients compared to the 20 healthy controls (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that ELAVL1 could effectively differentiate between newly diagnosed MM patients, healthy controls, and MGUS patients (P<0.001 and P=0.000 2, respectively). Survival analysis revealed that high ELAVL1 expression was associated with shorter progression-free survival (P=0.0141) and overall survival (P=0.008 0). Univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses identified high ELAVL1 expression as an independent risk factor for poor MM prognosis (P=0.005 0). KEGG analysis suggested that ELAVL1 might be involved in the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways. Conclusion High ELAVL1 expression in MM may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis and poor prognosis. ELAVL1 may promote MM initiation and progression via the Hippo and MAPK signaling pathways.