针对夏热冬冷地区的新型承载蓄热超结构墙体力学性能与温控效能研究

A phase change material (PCM) heat-storing wall can effectively mitigate the impact of outdoor temperature fluctuations on internal wall surface temperatures, enhance the stability of the indoor thermal environment, and reduce building energy consumption. The selection of the PCM melting point is crucial due to the differing weather conditions in the winter and the summer. To optimize the performances of heat-storing walls for both seasons in hot summer-cold winter regions, a numerical model for a novel load-bearing and heat-storing metastructure wall incorporating multi-melting point PCMs was developed. This model was used to evaluate the mechanical properties and simulate the heat transfer characteristics of the wall under air convection heat transfer conditions on representative winter and summer days. The results demonstrate that, the mechanical properties of the phase change thermal storing wall meet the engineering application requirements, and its heat transfer characteristics surpass those of ordinary walls. Specifically, the wall with a PCM melting point of 20 ℃ exhibits superior thermal performance in the winter, with a peak phase transformation rate of 0.30 ℃ and a maximum inner wall temperature fluctuation of 5.8 ℃. In the summer, the wall with a PCM melting point of 30 ℃ shows a higher phase transformation utilization rate of 0.48, while the wall with a melting point of 24 ℃ experiences the lowest temperature fluctuation. Therefore, with both the utilization ratio and the attenuation ratio considered, the optimal melting point for a phase change wall would be 24 ℃.