金属丝电爆炸研究进展-(I)：真空环境

The electrical exploding wires in the vacuum has important applications in Z-pinch plasmas, X-ray sources, etc. Especially, the electrical explosion behavior of fine metallic wires driven by nanosecond-scale pulse is of particular concern since it cor-responds to the initial stage of the wire array Z-pinches and has significant influences on the implosion and radiation charac-teristics of Z-pinches. At present, with the help of the high-temporal and spatially resolved plasma diagnostic systems and numerical simulation methods, the researches on the electrical exploding wires in vacuum have achieved significant pro-gresses in the field of experimental diagnosis, control methods, and theoretical models.We introduce the research history, and focus attention on the researches of electrical exploding wires driven by nanosecond current pulse in vacuum. Moreover, the characteristics of electrical exploding wires are given, and the influences of the current parameters and wire parameters on the electrical explosion are summarized. The methods for increasing energy deposition in metal wires to realize the gasi-fication of metal wires are reviewed. And the progresses in numerical simulations, including the improvement of the state equations, transport parameters and the models of electrical explosion wires are reviewed. Finally, the challenges and future developments of the electrical exploding wires in vacuum are given. The review will serve as a reference for the further de-velopment in this field.