电力变压器绝缘垫块黏弹性本构模型 构建及参数辨识

：To address the problem of insufficient characterization of the viscoelastic properties of power transformer insulation spacers under dynamic loading，which makes it difficult to accurately calculate the transient vibration displacement of windings，the mechanical response of the insulation spacers under cyclic compression loading at different frequencies was systematically investigated. The results reveal that strain accumulates rapidly during the initial loading phase，and the mechanical properties gradually stabilize after entering the steady-state stage.Based on the experimental results，a Kelvin-Voigt series constitutive model that accounts for hyperelasticity，viscoelasticity， and time-varying viscosity coefficients was established，and an adaptive differential evolution algorithm was subsequently employed to identify the model parameters.The results demonstrate that the proposed constitutive model can accurately capture the rapid accumulation and subsequent saturation of viscous strain in insulation spacers during power transformer short-circuit impacts， and can also simulate the gradual strain recovery after the short-circuit event.The stress-strain curves calculated using the identified constitutive parameters show excellent agreement with the experimental data for the insulation spacers，with coefficients of determination R² exceeding 0.98 in all cases.This study provides an important theoretical basis and engineering reference for the short-circuit withstand capability design of power transformers and the accurate assessment of their operating conditions.