如何理解工程电介质中极化与电导两个基本物理过程及其测量的科学原理与方法

In this paper the original definition of dielectric put forward by Faraday was newly and reasonably interpreted, and two basic physical processes of polarization and conductance of Faraday dielectrics were thoroughly under- standing. The five basis physical units involved in the two above physical processes based on bound energy are presented, the coexistence and relevance of polarization process and conductance process were pointed out. Especially, the universal theories of fractal time and fractal percolation structure in the composite dielectric and physical foundation related to space charge were introduced. The capture cross section criterion of space charge injection from the shallow trap to the deep trap, and the trap model of hydrogen like in dielectric were proposed. Further, the time-frequency response of polarization and conductance under low electric field was described, and the universal response of fractal time and fractal structure closely related to strong low-frequency dispersion was supplemented. By analyzing four typical research methods related to space charge polarization and conductance, author puts forward: The correlation and distinguishing methods of several typical electronic conductance under a strong electric field; The equivalence relations among the three methods, isothermal decay, thermal stimulated current and time-frequency spectrum at the case of t/τ_p~1; The scale criterion of electron tunneling through M. W micro-mesoscopic interface; The correlated characteristics of trap level and trap energy by the graphic method of SCLC(j-Vⁿ); It is proposed that the pulsed electro-acoustic method (PEA) is only a measurement technique, not a scientific measurement method; the commonality and interoperability of DC method are emphasized. In view of the importance of scientific research methods, three specific research methods, graphic method, moment (center of gravity) method, understanding formula method are proposed.