基于聚光分频的全光谱太阳能驱动液态碳氢燃料定向制备系统研究

A novel solar energy driven CO₂ and H₂O conversion system based on concentrated spectral splitting technology is proposed for liquid hydrocarbon fuels production. Concentrated solar energy is divided into two parts via spectral splitting technology. The short-wave segment is utilized for photovoltaic power generation to drive a proton exchange membrane cell, by which water can be split into hydrogen and oxygen, providing the reactant necessary for CO₂ hydrogenation into methanol. While, the rest part is converted into heat and stored in heat transfer fluid, and can be used in gaseous reactant preheating, water desalination, and/or direct air carbon dioxide capture, etc. Then, the mathematical theoretical model for this solar energy utilization system is built, and its thermodynamic performance is also investigated. It is found that the system achieves its maximum exergy efficiency of about 23.40%, when the temperature of gallium arsenide photovoltaic panel reaches 105^◦C, along with a corresponding hydrogen production rate of 2.84 L·min⁻¹. Employing an exhaust gas recirculation reaction mode, the CO₂ hydrogenation reactor achieves a hydrogen conversion rate of 68.19%, methanol product selectivity of 97.90%, and methanol yield of 0.91 g·min⁻¹, at reaction pressure of 5 MPa, reaction temperature of 220^◦C, and a carbon-hydrogen ratio of 1: 3. The solar energy-to-methanol fuel efficiency of this system is calculated to be 6.08%. This work offers a viable approach for leveraging solar energy to mitigate carbon emissions and advance carbon neutralization technologies.