基于磁通实时跟踪的单相四柱式变压器典型工况剩磁特性

Residual flux of core can be generated by DC resistance measurement and circuit breaker opening of transformer, which is mainly derived from the hysteresis characteristic of ferromagnetic material of core. Firstly, the flux computation method based on integral algorithm with baseline correction is studied. The residual flux measurement method based on real-time flux tracking is then proposed. Test results show that the deviation of flux waveform from the normal value will be gener-ated by the trend term due to sinusoidal voltage integration. The integral algorithm with baseline correction can effectively eliminate the trend term, which provides the accurate flux measurement results. Afterwards, a transformer model with single-phase four-limb core is designed according to the core structure of main transformer of UHV transformer, and the simulation test circuits are built in laboratory to investigate the residual flux characteristics of the transformer model after DC excitation and circuit breaker opening. The experimental results of DC excitation show that the residual flux and DC current regularly vary as follows: first increasing and then decreasing when the initial residual flux of core is equal to zero. At the knee point of magnetization curve, the residual flux becomes the largest, accounting for about 52.63% of the satu-ration value. By contrast, the residual flux has hardly changes with variety of DC current excitation when the non-zero initial residual flux exists in the core, which is mainly caused by the impediment of initial residual flux. The experimental results of circuit breaker opening show that the relationship between residual flux and opening angles presents an ap-proximately statistical cosine distribution. The residual fluxes of 0° and 180° are the largest, accounting for about 58.2% of the saturation value, while the smallest values of 90° and 270° are obtained, only accounting for about 4.14% of the saturation value.