共轭聚合物基光热材料在太阳能界面蒸发 水处理中的研究进展

： To address the limitations of traditional photothermal materials in solar-driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE),including narrow light absorption range,insufficient stability,and single functionality,this paper reviews the application research of conjugated polymer-based photothermal materials (PTMs).Leveraging their wide-spectrum light absorption capabilities from conj ugated π-bonds and strong molecular designability,these materials overcome the shortcomings of inorganic materials through molecular design and composite modifications.The photothermal conversion mechanisms,material characteristics,and key optimization strategies of these PTMs are systematically elaborated.Special focus is placed on comparing the light absorption efficiency, evaporation rate, photothermal conversion efficiency,salt resistance,and purification performance of four representative materials： polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polydopamine (PDA), and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The results indicate that PANI-based materials achieve enhanced near-infrared absorption efficiency and functionalization via acid doping and nanocomposite modification,with a maximum evaporation rate of 2.99 kg·m^-2·h^-1.PPȳ based PTMs exhibit an evaporation rate of 3.32 kg ·m^-2·h^-1 due to full-spectrum absorption and porous structures. PDA-based PTMs,when coupled with waste heat,achieve an evaporation rate of 8.73 kg·m^-2·h^-1. PEDOT-based PTMs demonstrate 99.8% light absorption efficiency and excellent stability through dual-network design.Conjugated polymer-based PTMs offer distinct advantages in SDIE,including broadband absorption,strong designability,and environmental friendliness.Future research should focus on developing novel materials through molecular regulation,optimizing water-transport/thermal-insulation layer designs to minimize heat loss,and promoting large-scale applications of multifunctional systems. These advancements will provide technical freshwater crises and promoting sustainable development. support for addressing.